Immune checkpoint (IC) blockade and adoptive transfer of tumor-specific T-cells (ACT) are two strategies to treat metastatic melanoma. Their combination can potentiate T-cell activation in the suppressive tumor microenvironment. However, the undesirable autoimmune effects caused by systemic injection of anti-IC remain a major drawback of this strategy. An alternative approach could be the invalidation of ACT of tumor-reactive T-cells for IC expression. For this purpose, PD-1 and TIGIT appear to be relevant candidates because their co-expression identifies highly tumor-reactive lymphocytes but limits their effectiveness within the tumor microenvironment. Using gene editing, we invalidated PDCD1 or TIGIT genes in human Melan-A-specific CD8+ T-cells and first documented the functional consequences on T-cell functions and gene expression. We further compared the anti-tumor properties of wild-type PD-1KO and TIGITKO T-cells in vitro and in a preclinical model of immunodeficient mice, followed by ex-vivo analyses of intra-tumoral T-cell infiltrate. Transcriptomic analyses revealed downregulation of cell cycle-related genes in PD-1KO T-cells, consistent with biological observations, whereas proliferative pathways were preserved in TIGITKO T-cells. Functional analyses showed that PD-1KO and TIGITKO T-cells displayed antitumor reactivity than their wild-type counterparts against targets expressing PD-1 and TIGIT ligands, in vitro and in immunodeficient mice. Consistent with their ability to proliferate in vitro, it appears that TIGITKO T-cell clones were more effective at inhibiting tumor cell proliferation in vivo and persist for up to two weeks after injection within tumors, while PD-1KO T-cell clones were no longer detectable at this time point. Taken together, these results suggest that the deletion of TIGIT in melanoma-specific T lymphocytes constitutes a valuable option for future strategies, while the consequences of PDCD1 editing on T-cell fitness could limit their in vivo persistence and anti-tumor potential.

About the speaker
Nathalie Labarrière, Inserm Research Director
Inserm
Nathalie Labarriere, PhD is the Inserm Research Director. She is responsible for the "Tumor immune responses and Immunotherapy" group, certified by the "Ligue contre le Cancer" of the Inserm 1302 INCIT Unit (Nantes, France). She started her research in 1990 on tumor immunology in Nantes. Between 1994 and 1995, she switched focus to upstream biological issues dealing with transcription factors at the De Duve Institute of Cellular Pathology (Brussels, Belgium). In 1995, she joined F. Jotereau’s research group in Nantes, where she developed research programs on translational immunology, with a strong collaboration with clinical teams, especially in the field of melanoma immunotherapy, with Prof. B. Dreno. Since 2010, she took over the team's leadership, whose work led to several clinical trials of adoptive transfer of tumor-specific T lymphocytes in melanoma patients. Nathalie Labarrière has authored 80 publications and reviews and holds 6 patents. She is also responsible for the cytometry facility of the SFR Santé. Nathalie is involved in several councils and scientific committees in the field of immunotherapy and serves as the Deputy Director of the INCIT unit.
Gwenann Cadiou, Immuno-Oncology PhD candidate
Nantes University
Gwenann Cadiou is a 4th year PhD student in immuno-oncology at Nantes University, France. She started her research on anti-tumor immunity in 2021 in Nathalie Labarriere's "Anti-tumor T cell responses and Immunotherapy" group, now part of the Inserm 1302 INCIT unit (Immunology and New Concepts in Immunotherapy). Her research focuses on the functional optimization of T-cell effectors for adoptive cell transfer approaches in melanoma by studying the impact of PD-1 and TIGIT deletion (two main immune checkpoints) in effector-memory melanoma-specific T lymphocytes.
Date of recording:Tuesday, November 12, 2024
Duration:60 minutes
Categories
Webinar
Academic Basic Research
Cancer (other / various)
Next Generation Sequencing
Cancer Research